Overview
Obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN) focus on women’s reproductive health, pregnancy, and childbirth. Obstetrics deals with maternal and fetal care during pregnancy, while gynecology addresses disorders of the female reproductive system.

Common Diseases

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Hormonal imbalance causing irregular periods and infertility.
• Endometriosis: Uterine lining tissue growing outside the uterus, leading to pain and fertility issues.
• Uterine Fibroids: Non-cancerous growths in the uterus causing heavy bleeding or discomfort.
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Infection of the reproductive organs.
• Gestational Diabetes: High blood sugar during pregnancy.

Causes

• Hormonal imbalances, infections, or genetic factors.
• Poor lifestyle habits, obesity, or underlying conditions.
• Unprotected sexual activity or untreated STIs.
• Age-related changes in reproductive health.

Treatments

• Medications: Hormonal therapy, antibiotics, or pain relievers.
• Surgical Procedures: Laparoscopy, hysterectomy, or fibroid removal.
• Prenatal Care: Regular monitoring, supplements, and managing complications during pregnancy.

Precautions

• Maintain a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise.
• Attend routine gynecological check-ups and prenatal visits.
• Practice safe sexual health to prevent infections.

Conclusion
Obstetrics and gynecology ensure women’s reproductive health through prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of disorders.